The Brihadaranyaka Upanishad: 1 - Swami Krishnananda.

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Wednesday 17, July 2024, 06:50.
Scriptures
Upanishads
The Brihadaranyaka Upanishad 
Post-1.

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Santhi Mantram:

Om Purnam adah, purṇam idam, purṇat purṇam udacyate;

purṇasya purṇam adaya purṇam evavasisyate.

Om Santih! Santih! Santih!

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That is Full; this is full. From the Full does the Full proceed.

After the coming of the Full from the full, the Full alone remains.

Om. Peace! Peace! Peace!

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The Brihadaraṇyaka Upanishad, or the great forest of knowledge, as the significance of this title would suggest, is a veritable mine of wisdom, with its Six Chapters touching upon the internal meaning of almost every phase of human life. The word 'Upanishad' is supposed to connote a secret instruction or a hidden doctrine, secret and hidden in the sense that it purports to reveal the invisible background or reality behind the visible forms of temporal existence. It is evident that things are not what they seem. And the Upaniṣhad is a record of the unfolding of the mystery that lies behind phenomena.

The subject of the Brihadaraṇyaka Upanishad rises into a crescendo of importance, heightening its encompassing gamut of theme after theme, right from the very commencement until the conclusion of the Fourth Section of the First Chapter, rising in its pitch at this stage somewhat like the Ultimate Revelation at the level of the Eleventh Chapter of the Bhagavadgītā, which blossoms gradually through its earlier chapters.

Literally as a wide-ranging forest, one can discover in this  Upanishad new visions through its different sections or cantos, and perhaps we can find in it anything anywhere. However, since the student might well feel more at home through teachings presented in the form of a well-tended garden rather than a thick jungle of information, the arrangement of the lectures, which form the substance of this book, is patterned to follow a logical ascent of subjects, keeping aside matters of a secondary character or importance to a later consideration as a sort of a sequel, so that the thread of the narration of similar themes is maintained without breaking the same with an interruption by some other subject which is not very relevant to the contemplation on hand. Thus, these lectures follow a procedure as detailed below.

There is a continuity from the beginning of the Upanishad till the Fifth Section of the First Chapter. Then, the trend of the lectures proceeds directly therefrom to the Fourth Section of the Second Chapter, and thence to the end of the Fifth Chapter. The left-out sections of the First Chapter and the beginning three sections of the Second Chapter are then touched upon after the description of the Fifth Chapter is over. Also, in these discourses, a study of the Sixth Chapter of this Upaniṣhad, though very interesting and even important as an esoteric teaching on certain essential aspects of human life considered as necessary steps towards the higher fulfilment, is omitted altogether, since one would feel that this part of the Upanishad is not going to fit into the normal course of present-day human thinking.

The First Section of the Sixth Chapter is concerning the importance of the Prāṇa and the functions of the different sense-organs; and the essentials of this subject have already been considered elsewhere in this work. Thus, this is not repeated again as a fresh study. The Second Section of the Sixth Chapter concerns the narration of the famous Panchāgni-Vidyā, which occurs also in the Chhandogya Upanishad. Since an entirely new publication, known as Vaishvanara-Vidya, expounded by the author, includes this subject, and is available to the public as a separate treatise, the same is not discussed again in the present work. The Third and the Fourth Sections of the Sixth Chapter relate to certain mystic rituals performed in connection with attainment of material prosperity and the living of a family life. The same are not taken up here for study, as their significance cannot be understood by a mere reading for oneself without proper personal initiation and the requisite spiritual background.

The entire series of these lectures being, as usual, an unpremeditated, on-the-spot speaking by the author, the conversational tone has been maintained to keep up the intimate touch, which, we feel, would make this highly indigestible topic more digestible. Though the author himself has touched up the manuscript of the First and Second Chapters, the other three Chapters were edited by his disciples, as his feeble eyesight would not permit him to go through this portion of the manuscript of the lectures. Thus, the reader might discover a little difference in these sections, rather unavoidably.

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Continued

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